Bunge Nikolay Hristianovich: pfupi Biography

Nikolai Bunge aiva gurukota rezvemari muna 1881 - 1886 makore. Akawana basa pashure chigaro akatsiviwa na Alexander III. Bunge aipedza yakawanda vasingadzikurudzire zvinhu, nokuda chii rinopikisa kuchinja akaita basa. Nguva yaratidza kuti nzira akasarudzwa negurukota rezvemari, ichokwadi.

Minister unhu

Future rezvemari Bunge Nikolay Hristianovich akaberekwa November 23, 1823 ari chiremba mhuri. Akapedza kudzidza Mutemo rorusununguko wepaYunivhesiti Kiev, uye akabva atanga kudzidzisa basa. In maonero ake, Bunge kwave aifarira-Western liberals uye chekare "statist".

zvaaitenda zvakasiyana Unyoro vasvika batsira panguva Alexander II. Lawyers vanodavira kuti Russian mamiriro haisati rakatogadzirira bumbiro. Basa zera rake Bunge Nikolay Hristianovich akaona zvishoma nezvishoma incremental kuchinja, mugumisiro ndiko kutaura makore akawanda gare gare.

Kutamira kune guru

Makore anenge matatu purofesa achidzidzisa paYunivhesiti Kiev. Katatu akava Rector, panguva iyoyowo vakananga Dhipatimendi of State Bank. Muna 1880, Bunge Nikolay Hristianovich nokusingaperi akasiya Kiev uye vakatamira St. Petersburg. In guru, akanga akumbirwa hurumende. Zviremera kuti kudiwa pfungwa itsva kuchinja mamiriro uye kuderedza mumagariro kusawirirana. Panguva iyoyo, Vanhu kutyisa uye nevamwe radicals kunge kwakanyanyisa.

Ndaigona kumbirai State Bunge Nikolay Hristianovich? Kwemakumi emakore zvakanga achigadzirira yayo purogiramu kwezvoupfumi kunoparirwa. It kwaibva mupfumi yokungotaura nheyo podcherpnut kubva zvakaitika kunyika dzokuMadokero.

Bunge pfungwa

Bunge chirongwa akazviratidza Munguva zvinhu zvikuru, asi mavambo ushe Alexander III akaenda kuburikidza kudzokororwa kwemaBhaibheri ekare akawanda. Pashure mutemo-Russian kukundwa mu ari Crimean War financier, kufanana nemamwe liberals, wakarovererwa tariro ake pamusoro pokumuka private danho, waiva kuti kupfuura mupiro kuti zvoupfumi munyika. tarisiro izvi zvave zvikurukuru misha. Hurumende, kupedza yakakura inopfupikisa pamusoro hondo, panongova pasina mari nokuda mazuvaano weRussia.

Kwakatevedzana kuchinja Alexander II akaratidza chii chakaipa Bunge Nikolay Hristianovich. Brief Biography of mufundisi ramangwana yakafanana nhoroondo dzeupenyu vazhinji worupo Vatsigiri ake nemwero. Economic kukura mune 60 ies. Zvingadai zvisina yakaitika pasina mikuru dzinopiwa kuti hurumende. Nyika akanzwa kushaya Entrepreneurs. Nechekare muna 70-ies. zvakaitwa atanga. State kamwe zvakare kutora pamusoro pazvose hwenyika. Zvakapera achivaratidza njanji zvichemo wakamanikidza pakagadzwa vadyi hwakagadzwa dzakakwirira tsika ematongerwo. With zvose zvinhu izvi rewrote chirongwa chavo Bunge Nikolay Hristianovich. Brief Biography womunhu uye shanduka maonero ake anowanzoramba nenguva.

kugadzwa Minister

March 1, 1881 Magandanga vakauraya Alexander II, pashure rakasvika kuna nesimba mwanakomana wake Alexander III. mambo mutsva vakatanga vashandi kutenderera ari muhurumende. Yakanga iri 1881 kusvika pambiru gurukota rezvemari yeRussian Empire akagadzwa Nikolay Hristianovich Bunge. Photo Economist akazviratidza zvose mapepanhau guru. Veruzhinji akamirira kuita kwaari.

Mumakore mashanu sezvo musoro zvemari dhipatimendi, Nikolai Bunge vakapedza kuchinja zvikuru shoma. Hurumende havachakoshesi ari indemnity kubhadhara varimi, restructured mutero hurongwa nokutamira kuti mutsva mari chawo, uye chabvisa yokuvhota. Muna 1882 zvakanzi nheyo murimi mudiki Bank. Kwemakore anoverengeka, tinogamuchira mabasa basa mutemo wokutanga.

upfumi kushandurwa

Nikolay Hristianovich Bunge, ane basa inowanzoshandiswa vakatsoropodza, akatanga kuchinja, haana pakarepo vakauya nokuchinja zvakanaka mune Russian upfumi. Budget The mufundisi akaramba dhefisiti, ari Treasury zvaisagona kuchibhadhara uye zvichingodaro. D. Zvino, zvisinei, yokutungamirira Nikolay Hristianovich Bunge akaita chaizvo akanaka nyika yake. Kuburikidza nechirongwa chake, Customs Service kweRussia akakwanisa kudzivirira epamba vaburitsi kubva vatorwa makwikwi, izvo zvakaita kuti zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera mumhuri mabhizimisi. Kuchinja mitero akabvumira chezvipo kuunganidza chakazvibata zvemari chawo. Gare gare iye akaenda kusimudzira maindasitiri kukura.

Nikolay Hristianovich Bunge akaberekwa imwe nguva simba Ruble, apo National mari yakanga hakunei aina kumusika, sezvo ari kupera XIX remakore. Paaigara pambiru Minister Economist ezvinhu Evhangeri yemvura noMweya ndiyo yekare. Hurumende aita zvakawanda kudzikamisa Gengi uye vatamire nendarama Exchange mureza. nadzurudzo iyi rakapera mutsivi Bunge Sergei Witte.

agrarian negwaro

Ko Russian miduku yokuruwa Nikolay Hristianovich Bunge? Rezvemari akatsvaka kuva musika upfumi mumusha, iro raifanira kunge private murimi mudiki landownership. Bunge aidavira kuti kupindira hurumende inofanira kuva shoma uye vakanovharirwa kudzivirira zvinodiwa zvidzidzo maduku, mune vazhinji vachirarama munyika mutemo ezvinhu pachinhu huru uye vakapfuma varidzi. Economist vaizo "narodolyubtsem" kwete chete nokuda kwake sunungukei maonero, asiwo nokuda pragmatism zvavo zvezuva nezuva. Minister Chirongwa chaiva nyore - kubatsira varombo kwairi, akawana simba, vakabatsira kusimudza nyika.

Chii chaizvo ndiwo matanho kuti vari kubatwa agrarian mubvunzo Nikolay Hristianovich Bunge? Photos mumisha pasina ano michina uye kwezvivako mushumiri akamanikidzwa kuita zvakakomba kuchinja. Iye akarwira vokumaruwa mitero zvisingakoshi, kusanganisira mutero pamusoro munyu. Miduku yokuruwa achitambura nekushaya munyika uye yokuwandisa musimboti enyika. Kugadzirisa izvi dambudziko Resettlement chirongwa chakabayirwa vomumusha kumucheto shama nyika, mamiriro ezvinhu riri rakanakira kurima nyika uye kurima.

basa mutemo

Complex hukama pakati pehurumende havana chete varimi, asiwo vashandi. Mushure abolition pakati serfdom muguta akadira sorukova simba pakati proletarians, vakatsvaka upenyu nani mune mafekitari nemamwe mabhizimisi. Kusiyana kuti Russia saka kure haasi hurongwa fekitari mutemo.

Muna 1884, musi chirongwa basa Bunge kwakaita rakarambidzwa yevana huru mabhizimisi. Hurumende akaisa yakaderera vomukova - makore 12. Teens pasi 15 havagoni kushanda maawa anopfuura 8 pazuva. Muna 1885, basa usiku basa vakadzi kwakanga. Zviremera vagamuchire mitemo mukuru kuti yacho. ukama mushandirwi uye proletarians. mitemo iyi chengetedza kwazvo kwesimba peutongi hweudzvanyiriri vagadziri. Panguva iyoyo isu rakawedzera udzvanyiriri pamusoro vashandi ariita kuramwa uye nenjodzi. Achipa kodzero aone inokosha nehurumende kuongorora.

The nationalization pamusoro njanji

Gurukota rezvemari Nikolay Hristianovich Bunge, musi yokuberekwa rakaenderana kwaita munjanji kuRussia, zvakanaka kuziva kwavo kukosha muupenyu munyika. Paaiita utungamiriri hwake hwacho upfumi vakatanga yakazara nationalization hwenyika. Pakupera ari XIX remakore sezvo njanji "ogosudarstvlivalis" muBelgium, Austria-Hungary, France, Holland uye zvichingodaro. D. Kubudikidza zvinhu izvi, Bunge aigona kufunga kumadokero ruzivo zvakafanana.

The pakurwisa nevhu rakawandisa

The nationalization kwaidiwa kurwisa chindingindingi, dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya kushandisa ichi zvinoreva kukurukurirana. Society vachibvumirana akabvunza nezviremera kugumisa nokuvhiringidzirwa njanji. Kuti izvi zvidaro, imwe Inter-mushumiri basa yakatangwa. Bazi rezveMari vakuru vakaita basa rinokosha mairi. Bunge pachake nharo pamusoro wo chimbichimbi kuchinjwa simbi kuti hurumende mugwagwa. Minister aigara akanyora memoranda, yakatsanangura maonero ake pamusoro dambudziko. zvirongwa izvi akaenda pamusoro uye vaionekwa imwe autocrat.

Pashure pokuwa kungobvumirawo ino, hurumende akadzokera tsika yokuvaka njanji chete panguva hurumende mari. Achitaura nechekare akatanga ichishanda Bunge nzira akataurwa pachena kanoverengeka pamusoro chete matauriro. Dzavo nharo, uye akadzokorora nguva pfupi asati pamudyandigere. Mufundisi anodavira kuti Russia haagoni kutora kumanikidzwa kunonoka njanji, sezvaiitwa Somuenzaniso, muGermany, nokuti kuti havana kukwana kudzidza kune rinoitirwa.

Results remapazi

Kuongorora migumisiro Treasury, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti Russian yokutungamirira Nikolay Hristianovich Bunge tatarisana zvipingamupinyi vakawanda munzira kwayo. Iye nhaka rinorema nhaka kubva hondo hweOttoman Empire, kuti maindasitiri dambudziko, kusakura, kurega kunotanga mune zvokurima, kuwedzera zvikepe uye mauto mari.

Kuchinja kushorwa pamwe distaste nguva dzose muri mufundisi, achitarisira kuti kubvuma pamwe akarurama chikamu vanhu. Achisangana mberi yose Bunge kugara pachigaro musoro zvemari dhipatimendi.

Kusiya basa uye ramangwana basa

Minister vavengi vakaita mudyandigere yake muna 1886. Asi mambo aiziva kuti Nikolay Hristianovich Bunge, uye aikoshesa unhu kwayo. Naizvozvo, munhu Economist kwete chete akawira kubva nyasha, asi achiri muna State Council. Kuva musoro Komiti Vashumiri, akaramba kuchinja enyika nzira nezviremera, kunyange mune yakasiyana chinzvimbo.

Iyo akatsvaka Nikolay Hristianovich Bunge? Facts vakuru Life vanoti akaedza kurega kutsigira chakagadzirwa yavagari vokumaruwa, pasina rusaruro kune mumwe mapurazi. The Economist aiva mutsigiri Resettlement musha kumabvazuva. A chinozunguzirwa itsva vakawanda murimi mudiki Colonisation kweSiberia kwakaitika pashure akafa Nikolay Hristianovich Bunge. Oupenyu gadzira murume - ndiyo nyaya basa Stolypin kuti nowakautangira, akatanga kushandisa agrarian kuchinja. Nikolai Bunge akafa musi June 15, 1895 mu Tsarskoye tiiviste.