Chii chinonzi Hadron Collider? Sei tichida Hadron Collider huru?

Vagari vakawanda vanogara pasi pano vanozvibvunza mubvunzo wekuti nei aida hadron yakakura yakadikanwa. Hauna tsvina kune zvidzidzo zvezesayenzi, izvo zvakashandisa mabhiriyoni ema euro, zvichiita kuti uchenjere uye kutya.

Zvichida izvi hazvitsvakurudzi zvachose, asi chimiro chemichina yakatarisa kana kuti chivako chetereportation yezvisikwa zvekudenga zvinogona kugadzirisa chinangwa chevanhu? Kupopota kunonyanya kunakidza uye kunotyisa. Muchikamu chino tichaedza kunzwisisa kuti chii chaiva ne hadron chikwata uye nei chakasikwa.

Anoda basa revanhu

Guru Guru rinonzi Hadron Collider nhasi ndiro rine simba rinokonzera kukurumidza kuwedzera pasi pano. Inowanikwa pamuganhu weSwitzerland neFrance. Zvimwe zvakanyanyisa pasi payo: paakadzika mamita zana kune imwe muganhu wegore negore weikemerator ine urefu hwemakiromita anenge 27. Muridzi weiongorori inonzi polygon inokosha kudarika $ 10 mabhiriyoni ndiyo European Center for Nuclear Research.

Izvo zvizhinji zvezviwanikwa uye zviuru zvemasikoriki enyukireya vanobatanidzwa mukufambisa proton uye kuenderera mberi ions kusvika kumhanya uri pedyo nechiedza nenzira dzakasiyana, uye zvino kuvamanikidza. Migumisiro yekubatana zvakananga inonyatsodzidza.

Chirongwa chekugadzira chitsva chinonzi accelerator chakauya muna 1984. Kwemakore gumi ikoko kwakave nekukurukurirana kwakasiyana-siyana pamusoro pezvakaitwa neharononi ye hadron, nei kuongorora kwakakura kwakadaro kuchidiwa. Kungoti mushure mokukurukurirana zvakananga zvekugadzirisa nzira yekugadzira uye zviyero zvinoshandiswa zvekuisa mishonga yakagamuchirwa. Kuvakwa kwakatanga chete muna 2001, kugovera nzvimbo yayo pasi pekukurukurirana pasi pepakutanga tambo accelerator - iyo huru electron-positron kuwirirana.

Chikonzero nei Hadharini Yakawanda Yakasanganiswa

Kubatana kwepakutanga zvikamu zvinotsanangurwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Dzidziso yehukama hunopesana nehuwandu hwemashoko. Iko kusina kubatana pakutsvaga nzira imwechete kune chimiro chepakutanga zvikamu zvisingakwanisi kwekugadzira dzidziso yekuwanda kwemagetsi. Ndicho chikonzero nei tichida kuburitsa hadron ye simba rakawedzerwa.

Simba rose mukuputika kwezvikamu zvikwereti 14 tiractronvolts, izvo zvinoita kuti chigadzirwa ichi chiwedzere simba kupfuura chese chiripo nhasi munyika. Sezvo takaita zvidzidzo zvange zvisati zvisingabviri nokuda kwezvikonzero zvepamusoro, masayendisiti ane mukana wakawanda achakwanisa kunyora kana kusabvumidza mafungiro aripo ema microworld.

Kudzidza kwequark-gluon plasma yakabudiswa mukupopotedzana kwekutungamirira nuclei kuchatibvumira kuvaka imwe nzira yakakwana yekubatana kwakasimba kunogona kushandura zvachose fisikliya fiksi uye nzira dzekucherechedza nzvimbo ye stellar.

Higgs boson

Mune makore makumi masere, imwe nyanzvi ye physics inobva kuScotland, Peter Higgs, yakagadzira nyanzvi ye Higgs shamba, maererano neizvipi zviduku zvinowira munharaunda iyi zvinotarirwa nehuwandu hwehutano, iyo inyika yepanyika inogona kuonekwa sehuwandu hwechinhu chacho.

Kana iri munguva yekuedzwa ichave yakakwanisa kusimbisa dzidziso yeScottish physicist physicist uye kuwana boson (quantum) ye Higgs, zvino chiitiko ichi chinogona kuva chivako chitsva chekusimudzirwa kwevagari vepasi.

Uye mikana yokuzarura yemunhu anotarisira simba rekuvhenekera ichadzokorora kudarika maonero ose anooneka ekufambira mberi kwekufambira mberi kweukama. Kunyanya kubva mberi kwemasayendisiti vanofarira zvikuru mukuita kwekuputsa kwe electroweak kusiyanisa kupfuura kuvapo kweBogs Higon pachako.

Iyo inoshanda sei

Kuita kuti zviyero zvekuedza zvinosvika kumhanyi zvisingafungidziki pamusoro penzvimbo, zvinenge zvakaenzana nekukurumidza kwechiedza muvharium, dzinopararira zvishoma nezvishoma, nguva imwe neimwe ichiwedzera simba.

Chokutanga, accelerator ine mishonga inoita jekiseni yekutungamirira ions uye proton, izvo zvino zvinowedzerwa kukurumidza kukurumidza. Izvozvo zvipinda zvinopinda nepakati pekoko rinopinda muproton synchrotron, uko mutero we 28 GeV unowanikwa.

Muchikamu chinotevera, zvikamu zvinopinda mu-super-synchrotron, uko simba rekubhadhara kwavo rinounzwa kusvika ku 450 GeV. Sezvo zvave zvasvika pamakwikwi akadaro, zvikamu zvinopinda mukati memhete yakakura yemakiromita, umo mune vanocherechedza vari panzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana vatsva vanotsanangurira nguva yekupesana.

Mukuwedzera kune maziso anokwanisa kutora matanho ose panguva yekupopotedzana, magetsi 1625 ane superconductivity anoshandiswa kutengesa masango emaprotoni mumagetsi. Kureba kwavo kwakakwana kudarika makiromita makumi maviri nemaviri. Imwe kambani yakakosha yegyogenic inochengetedza kushanda kwehukuru hwepamusoro hunoita kutonhora kwe -271 ° C. Mari inokwana magnetti akadaro inofungidzirwa pamamiriyoni emamiriyoni.

Kuguma kunoruramisa nzira

Nokuita maitiro akadaro ekudaidzira, simba rakanyanya rine hadronic rakagadzirwa. Chikonzero nei chirongwa chezvesayenzi chemadhora akawanda chinodikanwa, masayendisiti akawanda ari kuudza vanhu nekunzvenga ecstasy. Zvisinei, munyaya yezvinhu zvitsva zvesayenzi, zvichida, dzichachengetedzwa zvakachengetwa.

Iwe unogona kunyange kutaura, zvechokwadi. Chivimbiso cheiyi nhoroondo yose yekubudirira. Apo gumbo racho rakagadzirwa, ngoro dzehondo dzakabuda. Akave akadzidzisa vanhu magetsi - hello, pfuti nepfuti!

Zvose zviitiko zvemazuva ano nhasi zvinova zvigadzirwa zvemauto-industrial industrial complexes munyika dzakabudirira, asi kwete yevanhu vose. Masayendisiti akadzidza rini kuparadzanisa atomu, yakaonekwa pakutanga? Nyukireya zvinoshandiswa zvinogadzira magetsi, zvisinei, shure kwemazana ezviuru zvevanhu vakafa muJapan. Vagari vomuHiroshima vainyatsopesana nekufambira mberi kwesayenzi, izvo zvakatora ivo nevana vavo kubva mangwana.

Kubudirira kwehutano kunoita sekusekwa kwevanhu, nokuti munhu ari mariri achakurumidza kuve kushaya simba. Maererano nedzidziso yekushanduka-shanduka, sangano rinokura uye rinowedzera simba, kubvisa zvishoma zvishoma. Zvinogona kuitika mune ramangwana redu kuitira kuti tisava nenzvimbo munyika yekateknolojia yepamusoro. Nokudaro, mubvunzo "nei chikonzero chikuru chekunyadzana chinotarisirwa iye zvino" hachisi chaicho chishuvo chisingadi, nokuti chinokonzerwa nokutya kwekupedzisira kwevanhu vose.

Mibvunzo isina kupindurwa

Sei tichida hosha huru ye hadron, kana mamiriyoni evanhu akafa nenzara uye asingagoni kurapwa, uye dzimwe nguva zvirwere zvinorapwa, pasi? Anobatsira here kukunda uipi huno? Sei tichida kuburitsa hadron kuvanhu, iyo iyo yose yekuvandudza teknolojia yakange isina kukwanisa kudzidza kubudirira kurwisa zvirwere zvekenza kwemakore zana ikozvino? Kana kuti zvichibatsira zvakanyanya kugovera rubatsiro rwemari kunodhura kupfuura kuwana nzira yekurapa? Nehurongwa hwenyika huripo uye hutsika hunobudirira, vashomanana chete vari nhengo dzemadzinza evanhu vanoda huwandu hwakawanda hwe hadronic. Sei ichi chinodiwa nehuwandu hwevanhu vese pasi, vachitungamirira hondo isiri-stop yekodzero yekurarama munyika isingabatanidzi hupenyu hwehupenyu uye hutano? Nhau yacho haina kunyarara pamusoro peiyi ...

Kutya kwevamwe vashandi vesayenzi

Iko kune vamwe vamiririri vesangano rezvesayenzi vanotaura nezvekunyanya kunetseka pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kweprojekti. Pane chiitiko chikuru chokuti nyika yesayenzi mukuedza kwayo, nekuda kwekuziva kwayo zvishoma, inogona kurasikirwa pamusoro pezvinhu zvisati zvanyatsodzidza.

Iyi nzira inoyeuchidza ma laboratory anoedza vechidiki vemakemikari - kusanganisa zvinhu zvose nekuona zvichaitika. Muenzaniso wokupedzisira unogona kukonzera kuputika mu laboratori. Uye kana "kubudirira" kwakadaro kunonzwisisa hedron?

Sei tichida kushaya njodzi kune nyika, kunyanya sezvo vaongorori vasingakwanisi kutaura nechivimbo chekuti nzira yekuputika kwezvikamu zvinotungamirira pakuumbwa kwemazando anopfuura 100 000 nguva kutonhora kwekuvhenekera kwedu hakuzoiti kukonzera kushandiswa kwenhau yose yepasi? Kana kuti zvinongokonzera ketani yekuita zvinhu zvinogona kuparadza zvakasara mumakomo eSwitzerland kana muFrance Riviera ...

Kutonga kwemashoko

Zvinotyisa kuti mazwi evasayendisiti chaiwo neavo vanonzwisisa fisikliya yenyu ndeye voga kune vanhu vose. Nhau dzinopfurikidza pasina kuedza kunyange kubvisa nyaya kubva pane ino maonero.

Sei tichida mukana mukuru we-hadronic, apo vanhu vasingakwanisi kugadzirisa mabasa asina kuoma? Kuedza kuvhara maonero akasiyana-siyana kunoratidza chete kuvepo kwekusagadziriswa kwechiitiko chezviitiko.

Zvichida, apo munhu wacho akatanga kuonekwa, izvi zviviri zvakaiswa mukati make - kuita zvakanaka uye kuzvikuvadza panguva imwe chete. Zvichida, mhinduro yacho ichatipa zvitsva zvinopihwa ne hadron kudii? Chikonzero nei kuedza kwakaipisisa kwaidiwa, zvizvarwa zvedu zvichasarudza.