Chii Reichstag muBerlin?

Mumwe zviratidzo Germany ano ndiyo Reichstag. At kutaurwa kweshoko iri zhinji kushamwaridzana Hondo Yenyika II. Mupfungwa pakarepo mufananidzo t dzvuku mureza nemhepo, inomiririra kukunda Fascism. Chii nhasi Reichstag, uye rakanga kare, tinogona kudzidza kubva munyaya.

zvichireva Reichstag

Chokutanga, zvinofanira kujekeswa kuti Reichstag - chivako. Sezvariri, shoko iri rinogona kushandurudzwa se "pachivako gungano." Nhasi dzimba kuti Bundestag, uye kare ichi chaiva nzvimbo paruzhinji musangano German Reich uye ari neWeimar Republic.

Chii Reichstag munhau nemashoko, uye chii chiri zvainoreva Germany uye pose, anogona kuwanikwa kudzidza nhoroondo chivakwa pachayo.

History chokusika

Chivako rakavakwa mumwoyo Berlin. Akaisa ibwe rokutanga mapurani mamiriro Wilhelm kutanga muna 1884. Kubvira vakatanga kuvaka imwe panzvimbo nharo nyaya.

Kuvakwa Reichstag angadai akatanga kwokutanga, asi muGermany, chakakomba chiitiko chakaitika pachiitiko ichi. Chokwadi chokuti nyika iyo hurumende yakaronga kuvaka gungano nzvimbo yavo, zvaiva mhuri Radzinsky. Famous Wenyika haana kupa vanoenda-mberi kuvaka pfuma. Kugona kutanga basa akazviratidza makore matatu pashure pokufa kwake. Resolution akapa mwanakomana akashaya muridzi womunda.

Asati pakutanga chigumbuso yave makwikwi pamasikiro murongedzeri, iyo yakahwina Russian nyanzvi. Zvisinei, haana kurarama kuona kutanga basa, uye somugumisiro kunenge mapurani makwikwi vakava Paul Vollot.

Haana kurarama pamugumo kuvakwa mabasa uye Kesari kuGermany, uyo akaisa ibwe rokutanga. Tora apedza kuvaka aiva mukana kuna Kaiser Wilhelm II.

Chii Reichstag nokuda mapurani Vollota anogona kunzwisiswa kubva pamashoko ake. Akati kuti chivako chiratidzo chikuru German Reich. Corner shongwe, izvo kwaiva mana, inomiririra mana ushe German, uye rising pakati chakatsaurirwa kuna William II. Zvisinei, pfungwa iyi haana kufanana kuzvitsaurira kuna Kaiser, uye akapa kutsaurira rising Paramende. The zvakawanda kuti chivako yakavakwa zvakananga kuti ruzhinji musangano.

Fire 1933

Muna 1933, mumwe moto guru kwakaitika chivakwa. Mumwe moto pairi, usingazivi kuti vamwe, zvisinei, Adolf Hitler uye neshamwari yake vakapoteredza kupomerwa vaKomonisiti. Misa kusungwa. Chivako akarega kudirwa chinangwa chahwo, voitakura mashoko musangano, uye kubva 1939 vaNazi vakatora nayo zvinangwa zvechiuto.

Nyanzvi vakambodzidza mhaka mumoto, vakasvika pakugumisa kuti chivako yakapiswa kubva 50 nzvimbo panguva imwe chete. VaNazi, vaityira vaKomonisiti vakavakomberedza uye mhosva. nokukurumidza akanga akabatwa, mhosva, uye akauraya Dutchman Marinus Van der Lubbe. Nyanzvi dzemazuva ano vanodavira kuti dzimba kurwisa ainyanya vakaronga basa nevaNazi, izvo saka vakakwanisa kuderedza vakawanda vaKomonisiti muGermany.

Chii Reichstag? Panguva iyi nhoroondo chivako akava chiratidzo pokuwa yekare wehurumende, izvozvo chakaratidza kuti kuuya nesimba Hitler. The mudzvanyiriri haana kutsvaka kudzorera chivakwa sezvo aida kuvaka Reichstag vake Germany itsva. Asi urongwa izvi havana kupiwa kuitika.

Reichstag pasi Hitler

Takatodzidza kutaurwa kuti chivako munguva neWeimar Republic raishandiswa sezvo mujinga Air Force. Akavafambisa Hermann Goering. Izvi tichivenga munhu aiva rakananga ukama chivako. Zvinozivikanwa kuti mumuzinda Goering raiwanzobatana kuna Reichstag nemunhu ndima pevhu.

Chikonzero ichi kuti kuvakwa chaiva chinangwa nokuda ruzhinji nemasoja Soviet. kuparadzwa kwaro kwakanga kwakangofanana kukunda Fascism. anoshongwa Vazhinji Red Army akaita chinyorwa kupendwa "Mune Reichstag!" Uye kutaura zvakafanana.

Takura mureza pamusoro Reichstag akarota vavengi vose Fascism. Ita zvinoita chete muna 1945.

Building pashure neWeimar Germany kusarenda

Reichstag muna 1945 kwakanga zvakasiyana chivako noumambo, iyo yaimbonzi yakavakwa pakati Berlin. It akatosvika akaparadzwa kubhomba yacho yakatarwa. Under matongo chivakwa vakawana kuguma kwavo okupedzisira masoja German, chikamu iyo makore 15 chete okuberekwa.

NevaFascist airwa masvingo Reichstag rokupedzisira mweya. Varwi Soviet kubva zvose kuvavenga muvengi, kupupira yose nguva yehondo, kuparadza vavengi yasara. Kuvaka mumaziso avo, kwaiva chiratidzo waifarirwa zvakaipa, saka achiri ane refu ichibhururuka nemabara. Masoja Soviet kwete chete vachisimudza dzvuku mureza pamusoro mamiriro, vakasiya zviuru zvakanyorwa pamusoro pamasvingo aro. Vakawanda vavo ane mutauro kunonyadzisira, kunyanya yaHitler Wehrmacht uye kero. Pashure nhoroondo pamusoro pamasvingo kusiya chete zvisiri izvo dzave akaongororwa.

Kudzorerwa Zvivako

The chakasakara Chivako akamira pakati Berlin kusvikira 1954. Kusvikira chisarudzo chakaitwa Ridzai vakasara Reichstag. Pashure mumwe makore maviri, hurumende yakasarudza adzorere Reichstag, mifananidzo iyo zvino yava kuzivikanwa guru German.

Makwikwi pakuvaka chimiro upenyu enyika pakati Germany aikunda Paul Baumgarten. Chivako yakapera muna 1972. Asi hazvina kuva nzvimbo kuungana nokuda Paramende. It akaisa Historical Institute. Izvi kusvikira 1991. Gore rino kwave kuitwa asi mumwe pedutu. Makwikwi chokupika basa yakahwina Chirungu mapurani Norman Foster. The kunatsiridzwa Chivako yakadzokera kuti Bundestag.

Mapurani Foster akaona chivako chitsva ine denga rakati sandara, asi sokunge nezvechisarudzo vanhu vazhinji haisi kudaro yokufananidzira, sapakutanga. Pakazosvika 1999, nzvimbo itsva akasikwa. vaiva zvinhu zviri simbi uye girazi. Kwaari elevators maviri simuka uye paiva kuona pachikuva rising.

Kuwedzera chinangwa chacho aesthetic, mapurani chimiro rutivi zvionera simba hurongwa. Izvi chakaitwa rinokosha hurongwa magirazi uye kufefetedza mugodhi, umo mhepo ichipfuura rinokosha kupisa kuchinjirwa gadziriro zvinobvira kuvonga.

"Memory Wall"

Muna May 1945, masoja, mukukunda fascism, vakanga pfapfaidzo-kupendwa pamadziro ose meimba. Nokuti vokuGermany, zvinyorwa izvi vachizivawo ukoshi. Ivo kuyeuchidza rwose muchivadzvinyirira anenge nokuda kwounyanzvi Germany. Ndokusaka chivako chitsva pane old parusvingo Reichstag. Iye akabvisa chisungo musaruraganda uye unzenza hunhu, zvichisiya kusenza "siginicha yangu ndichipa vanhu" chete remasoja Red Army.

Mugore 90-ies wekupedzisira remakore, hatina akamutsa mubvunzo kana kubvisa rusvingo wekare zvinyorwa, zviri nowenyika kare kutyisa hondo. Asi chisarudzo haina vabvuma ruzhinji. Nhasi, pane rusvingo mukamuri, akanga kubatwa unokosha läpinäkyvä mhinduro kuidzivirira kubva zvimwewo zvinoitika, kusanganisira kuparadzirwa kwevanhu.

Ndingaita sei vanoshanyira Reichstag?

Kuti tinzwisise zvinodzidziswa Reichstag muBerlin, anofanira kushanyira. Kuti tidaro chero vaeni gona. Asi ichi unofanira kuenda pamutemo Website of Bundestag uye kwerubwinyo rwakagara rwuripo kunyoresa. Pasina kudaro pre-rekodhi kupinda Pakushanyira zvichabviswa kuvharwa.

Nyanzvi anounganidza masikati vakanyorwa revashanyi uye inoitisa kushanyira. Pairi unogona kudzidza zvakawanda ruzivo, uye Chikurukuru, kunakidzwa mapurani Paaidzidzisa kuti yoku- rising Reichstag nezvimwe zvivako.