Old Russian rudzi: kusarudza inotungamirwa uye nhoroondo kukosha

How kuumba Old Russian nyika? Kukura feudal ukama munguva kutendeuka dzokumaruwa kubatana muna weutungamiriri, kureva munhu mamiriro shamwari. With izvi anotanga nhoroondo Kievan Rus. Education Old Russian ehurumende uye paumbwe yekare Russian nyika - ukama pezvakaitwa.

Chii rakaitika mujinga Kievan Rus? Zvinhu zvipi zvakaita kuti paumbwe yekare Russian nyika?

mamiriro garo

Muzana remakore rechipfumbamwe iri necheSalvic munzanga asvika pamwero apo waida kusikwa pamutemo kuumbwa ndangariro nokurwisana. Mukurwisana kwakaitika nokuda kusaruramisira. State - iri pamutemo framework kuti anogona kugadzirisa kurwisana zhinji. Pasina izvozvo, nhoroondo chakajairika, sezvo rekare Russian nyika, asingagoni dziripo. Uyezve, pamwe madzinza zvakanga zvakakodzera nokuti mamiriro anogara akasimba pane asina chokuita nomumwe pevatungamiriri.

On apo hurumende yakabuda, kuunganidzwa yokumabvazuva Slavs, vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanoti nanhasi. Pakutanga mashoko IX remakore Ilmen Slavs uye Finno-Ugric marudzi akatanga daka kuti vatungamiriri vemunzvimbo akasarudza nezano danho: kukoka vatongi ruzivo, kunyanya kubva dzekuma Scandinavia.

Vatongi-VaViking

Maererano zvinyorwa, akachenjera vatungamiriri vakatuma shoko Rurik nehama dzake, achiti kuti nyika yavo iri akapfuma, yakaorera, asi hakuna rugare mariri, dzimwe feuds uye kukakavadzana. Tsamba akakumbira Scandinavians kutonga uye varayirwa. Dzaita kuti vatongi vemo vasina chokunyara nacho. Noble Vatorwa kazhinji vanokokwa kuti chinangwa ichi.

Mujinga Kievan Rus akabatsira kuti kubatana zviri Eastern marudzi anenge zvose necheSalvic, dzakanga munyaya yenhau. Belarusian, Russian uye Ukrainian - vazukuru vagere feudal zvemisoro vakabatana ezvinhu, razova imwe yenzvimbo simba kuMiddle Ages.

muzvinambiri

guta rino raiva guta guru necheSalvic wedzinza glades. Akanga kamwe sachigaro, maererano nengano, Ky. Zvakamubatsira kushandisa Cheek uye paHorebhu. Kyiv akamira pamharadzano dzenzira, mune imwe chaizvo nzvimbo. Pano kugoverana uye kuzotenga zviyo, zvombo, mhuka, kushongedzwa, micheka. Nokufamba kwenguva, mukuru zano paHorebhi & Cheek kumwe anyangarika. Slavs akabhadhara mutero kuna Khazars. Akapfuura Normans akatora "rakarasika" guta. Mavambo Kiev iri yakafukidzwa chakavanzika. Asi kusikwa guta - mumwe prerequisites kuti paumbwe yekare Russian kwavanobva.

Zvisinei, shanduro kuti ndiye muvambi wesangano Kiev pamatama, akafumura zvakawanda nechokwadi. Asi, ndizvo ngano, chikamu National yakakura.

Sei Kiev?

guta rino rakaumbwa mumwoyo mundima inogarwa Eastern Slavs. Location Kiev, sezvo yave akati, zviri nyore chaizvo. Wide steppes, ivhu rakaorera uye masango batana. Muguta paiva zvose zvinhu zvipfuwo kurima, kuvhima, uye Chikurukuru - nokuda kwokudzivirira muvengi nechisimba.

Chii zvenhoroondo dzekare vanoti nezvekwakabva Kievan Rus? On panowanikwa East necheSalvic ehurumende, uye naizvozvo - uye wekare Russian nyika, maererano "The zvakaedza yakapfuura Years". Mushure Rurik, uyo akauya simba kukokwa nevatungamiriri vemunzvimbo, akava mubati Novgorod, Oleg. Igor aisagona kubata nokuda muduku.

Oleg akakwanisa kusimbisa simba pamusoro Kiev uye Novgorod.

nhoroondo pfungwa

Old Russian morning - dzinza munharaunda, izvo vakabatana madzinza East necheSalvic kuti pave feudal mamiriro. Zvakakosha kutaura mashoko mashomanana pamusoro pezviri pasi ichi nhoroondo izwi.

Urudzi - kare chakajairika, zvakafanana nokuti mangwanani feudal nguva. Ichi nzanga yevanhu vasiri nhengo yorudzi. Asi vachiri vasiri vagari ehurumende, ine simba zveupfumi ukama. Chii rupi rakasiyana rwacho? Modern dzekare nhasi rega kusvika nekubvirana. On nyaya iyi ichiri pasi kukurukurwa. Asi tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti rudzi - ndizvo zvinounza vanhu vakawanda mundima tsika, tsika uye tsika.

periodization

Subject yacho - Old Russian kwavanobva. Naizvozvo munokosha mashoko periodization pamusoro pokumuka Kievan Rus:

1. Kutarisika.
2. Flowering.
3. Feudal kusabatana.

Wokutanga kumwedzi zvinoreva rechipfumbamwe chezvegumi emakore. Yakanga marudzi Eastern necheSalvic akatanga kushandurwa kuva chete munharaunda. Chokwadi, misiyano pakati pavo zvishoma nezvishoma kunyangarika. Somugumisiro, basa kukurukurirana uye convergence zvakawanda tumitauro Vekare mutauro Russian rakaumbwa. It pave zvinhu yepakutanga uye tsika pakunamata.

convergence vemadzinza

madzinza Eastern necheSalvic vaigara munharaunda, rakanga akaisa kuti simba rimwe chete. Kunze chenguva dzose nokukakavara kuti kwakaitika pakupedzisira padariro kugadzira Kievan Rus. Asi ukama kungoreva zvinobatsira kwakakonzera kwaita nevakawanda tsika.

Old Russian morning - imwe tsanangudzo kuti harisi chete nenzanga zvoupfumi upenyu, mutauro, tsika uye ndima. Pfungwa iyi nzanga zvinosanganisira zvinokosha, asi makirasi vasingawirirani - the feudal nemadzishe uye vanhuwo zvavo.

Órgãos Russian rudzi yekare yaiva yakareba kwacho. Zvikurukuru tsika uye mutauro wevanhu vanogara siyana kumatunhu ehurumende, zvakachengetedzwa. Kusiyana hadzina vakadzima, pasinei rapprochement. Gare gare, vakashanda sehwaro paumbwe Russian, Ukrainian uye Belarusian avanhu.

Pfungwa yokuti "Russian nyika yekare" hakuiti rirasikirwe yayo, nekuti munharaunda iyi ndeimwe Mudzi pamapatya avanhu. Vagari Russia, Ukraine uye Belarus vakaita kuburikidza emakore napedyo kunzwisisa tsika, mutauro. Nenhoroondo kukosha yekare Russian rupi kukuru, zvisinei kuitika enyika uye zvoupfumi ezvinhu. Kuti vave nechokwadi ichi, zvinokosha kufunga zvakamisa hurongwa kuti munharaunda, kureva, mutauro, tsika uye tsika.

History of Old mutauro Russian

Vamiririri Eastern madzinza necheSalvic vaiziva mumwe pamberi hwaro Kievan Rus.

Old mutauro Russian - nayo vanhu, vakanga vagere munharaunda feudal ehurumende rechitanhatu remakore namana. A rakakura muchinangwa kukura tsika kuridza chidzoke kunyora. Achitaura pamusoro panguva yokuberekwa mutauro Russian Old, vanyori venhau dzakaitika kuti remakore rechinomwe, pakuonekwa mabasa ekutanga chaiko zvinogona kunzi remakore rechigumi. With pakusikwa Cyrillic nearufabheti anotanga kukura kunyora. Kune vanonzi Chronicles, idzo Zvinokoshawo zvenhoroondo magwaro.

Old ethnos Russian yakatanga kukura kwayo muzana remakore rechinomwe, asi nokuda namana, nokuda vanachandagwinyira feudal kusabatana, vakanga vakachengeta zvachinja kutaura vagari kurarama kumavirira, kumaodzanyemba, kumabvazuva, Kievan Rus. Panguva kuti tumitauro, gare gare vakaumba kupinda vakaparadzana mitauro: Russian, kuUkraine, Belarusian.

tsika nemagariro

A kuratidzwa ruzivo upenyu kwavanhu - KuMasiye. Mutambo Mhemberero vanhu Russia, Ukraine uye Belarus, uye nhasi pane zvakafanana zhinji. Sei waiita nhetembo?

Mumigwagwa iri Old Russian mamiriro vachidzungaira mumigwagwa vaimbi, vachidzungaira vatambi uye vaimbi. Vose vakava vanowanzochema zita - Clowns. pevairwara uri motifs akaumba hwaro mabasa mazhinji chaiko uye mimhanzi akasika zvikuru gare gare.

Features okukura pakutanga feudal mamiriro aiva epos. vaimbi Folk idealized kubatana Kievan Rus. Characters bylinas (semuenzaniso mutambi Mikula Selyanovich) vanoratidzwa epics vapfumi, simba uye akazvimirira. Pasinei chokwadi kuti gamba ichi chaiva murimi mudiki.

Folk uri kukanganiswa ngano uye nyaya zvave mukereke uye enyika vezvenhau. Uye simba iri hunooneka tsika dzinouya. Chimwe mabviro pakusika mabhuku mabasa nekuda vanyori Kievan Rus akava nyaya rechiuto.

Kugadzirwa upfumi

Nokuumbwa rekare Russian rudzi vamiririri Eastern madzinza necheSalvic akatanga kuvandudza zvokushandisa. Zvisinei, Agriculture, akanga rwechiIsraeri. The mainyanya - kurima - kushandiswa nevakawanda Rahl, nefoshoro, mapadza, dzine, mavhiri mapadza.

Chinokosha mberi nokuumbwa rekare Russian wehurumende zvasvika nyanzvi dzokugadzira. Navapfuri akadzidza dzikamisa, muchikuya, chiPolish. The vamiririri ichi raanoziva yekare yakaitwa pamusoro nemhando zana namakumi mashanu mishonga yakagadzirwa nesimbi. Kunyanya nomukurumbira yekare munondo navapfuri. Zvehari, huni kubudiswa chiri kushingaira yakatanga. Products Old Masters vaizivikanwa kure miganhu ehurumende.

Paumbwe rwacho kwakaita kuti pave rwokugadzira uye zvokurima, vakazochinja zvakaita kuti kuwedzera kukura dzaishandiswa ukama. Kievan Rus kutanga upfumi ukama dzimwe nyika. Kuburikidza yekare Russian hurumende yaiva nevezvokutengeserana "kubva VaViking kuvaGiriki."

feudal ukama

Education Old Russian rudzi yakaitika pakati kufarirwa feudalism. Chii hurongwa evanhu ukama? Feudalists, utsinye izvo chaizvo aitaura dzekare Soviet Chokwadi, pfungwa mumaoko avo simba uye upfumi. Vakashandisa basa mumadhorobha nyanzvi dzokugadzira uye nemataundi vanhuwo zvavo. Feudalism vakabatsira paumbwe kunzwisisa muranda ukama anozivikanwa kubva kare kuMiddle Ages. Iye hunotaurwa hurumende simba guru Muchinda Kiev.

kirasi kukakavara

Murimi mudiki smerdy zvakaipa feudal Estates. Navapfuri vesimbi aibhadhara mutero. The yakaomesesa akararama kuudza vanhuwo zvavo uye nevashandi. Sezvo dzimwe Ages rinoti muna Kievan Rus pakupedzisira kwakawedzera feudal kwokukara zvokuti pakutanga yemuna. Wekutanga ndokutora nzvimbo mugore 994. History Igor rufu, izvo, pamwe chete navaranda vake kamwe akasarudza kurera mutero kechipiri, anozivikanwa vose. People hasha - munhoroondo vanotyisa chakajairika, entailing chinomutsa gakava, utsinye, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange hondo.

The pakurwisa vatorwa

Channel Air marudzi vakaramba dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya kurwisa dzavo kunyange kana marudzi Eastern necheSalvic kare anomiririra dzinza vomunharaunda. Uyezve, Kievan Rus dzakarwiwa chinoramba kurwisa pamusoro gurusvusvu ari Khazar Khanate. Vagari Old Russian ezvinhu noushingi dzinoratidza muvengi nechisimba. Uye isu havatarisiri mumwe kurwisa muvengi, uye, pasina kufunga kaviri, vaifamba. Old Mauto Russian kazhinji kurongedzerwa nokufamba muvengi wehurumende. Zvavanoita mbiri wakanyorwa yaMakoronike, epics.

heathenism

Miganhu cohesion akanga yekudyidzana akasimbisa paitonga Vladimira Svyatoslavovicha. Kievan Rus akaita chinokosha kukura, akatungamirira kumbonyanya kubudirira kurwisa pamusoro dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya nezviito yechiLatvian Polish machinda.

Vechihedheni aiva inokanganisa paumbwe kubatana kwemadzinza. Zvinonzi kutanga kuti kudiwa chitendero chitsva, izvo zvirokwazvo kunge muKristu. Kuparadzira pamusoro munharaunda Russia Askold akatanga. Asi zvino Kiev akakunda Muchinda Novgorod uye vakaparadza ichangobva akavaka machechi echiKristu.

Nhanganyaya kwokutenda chitsva

Mission kudzidzisa chitendero chitsva akatora pamusoro Vladimir. Zvisinei, Fans chouhedheni muRussia vazhinji. Pakurwisa navo yakaitwa kwemakore akawanda. Kunyange asati kuitwa chiKristu kunge akatorwa oedza ndiwedzere chitendero chechihedheni. Vladimir Mukuru, somuenzaniso, mugore 980 mvumo ariko vanamwari boka rinotungamirirwa Perun. Chaidiwa rwaiva pfungwa, yakabatanidzwa rose nehurumende. A muupenyu hwake vakanga zvirokwazvo muKiev.

Zvechihedheni, zvisinei, akaita kuti akararama richibatsira wayo. Naizvozvo, Vladimir, pashure zvikuru kunyatsofunga, akasarudza Orthodoxy. Pakusarudzwa aitungamirirwa kushandisa mazano zvido.

zvakaoma kusarudza

Maererano neimwe shanduro, muchinda akanzwa zvinofungwa vapristi akawanda, vasati chisarudzo. Mumwe nomumwe unozivikanwa kuva chokwadi. Nyika wechiMuzirimu uchifarira Vladimir, asi yake bogey rokudzingiswa. Mukuwedzera, tafura Russian havagoni kuva pasina nyama yenguruve uye waini. Faith Prince vaJudha uye asina kufuridzirwa chivimbo. Greek waiva mavara, zvinoshamisa. A zvematongerwe pakupedzisira akasarudza kusarudzwa Vladimir.

Chitendero, tsika, tsika - ichi zvose anosanganisa Vagari venyika iyo kamwe navanhu madzinza vakabatana dzinza mubatanidzwa yekare. Kunyange emakore akazotevera, kubatana pakati pemarudzi dzakadai Russian, Ukrainian uye Belarusian, vasingasiyani.